Commission proposes fishing opportunities for 2025 in the Atlantic, Kattegat and Skagerrak

This article is brought to you in association with the European Commission.

Today, the Commission published its proposal to set catch limits, or total allowable catches (TACs), for ten fish stocks in the EU waters in the Atlantic Ocean, Kattegat, and Skagerrak for 2025. The proposal is based on scientific advice and covers fish stocks managed solely by the EU in those sea basins.

Following the available scientific advice from the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES),the Commission is proposing catch limits for eight stocks, in line with the objective of maximum sustainable yield (MSY), i.e. the maximum amount of fish that fishers can take out of the sea without compromising the regeneration and future productivity of the stock. For one stock, the Commission is proposing a by-catch TAC above MSY to allow mixed fisheries to continue. The number of TACs proposed for 2025 is lower than last year, due to last year’s introduction of multiannual TACs. For certain stocks, TACs for 2025 were already set by Member States at the end of 2023.

The Commission proposes an increase in catch limits for five stocks: anglerfish, megrims and horse mackerel in Atlantic Iberian waters, Norway lobster in the southern Bay of Biscay and Cantabrian Sea, and common sole in the Bay of Biscay.

For hake in Atlantic Iberian waters, the Commission proposes to maintain the 2024 TAC – 17 445 tonnes –, which is between the MSY point value – 15 105 tonnes – and the upper limit of the MSY range – 20 404 tonnes – provided by ICES. Hake is the most limiting species in mixed fisheries, as other species are often caught incidentally together with hake. With this proposal, the Commission aims to strike the right balance between protecting hake in the long term and allowing fishers to catch it.

For plaice in the Kattegat, the Commission also proposes to maintain the 2024 TAC, which falls below the lower limit of the MSY range provided by ICES. Plaice and cod are incidentally caught in fisheries targeting Norway lobster. In light of the zero-catch advice for cod, catch limits for Norway lobster and for plaice should remain low to avoid increasing by-catch pressure on cod.

For sole in the Skagerrak-Kattegat and the Western Baltic Sea, considering thelow biomass of the stock, the Commission proposes suspending the targeted fishery and setting a by-catch TAC for fisheries targeting Norway lobster at the level of recent catches. ICES forecasts that this by-catch TAC will keep the stock’s biomass stable, although it will not allow reaching MSY.

Based on the precautionary approach, ICES advises zero catches in 2025 and 2026 for roundnose grenadier in the Skagerrak-Kattegat. The Commission proposes setting a low multiannual by-catch TAC for 2025 and 2026 for roundnose grenadier for fisheries targeting Northern prawn at the level of recent landings.

Extended measures to safeguard eels

Given the critical status of the European eel population, the Commission proposes to maintain the existing measures for protecting the stock.

These include a mandatory six-month fishing closure and a prohibition for all recreational eel fishing in EU marine and brackish waters of the North-East Atlantic.

Jointly managed stocks and further scientific advice

This proposal will be updated after the conclusion of the ongoing consultations with Norway and the United Kingdom, and to take account of the upcoming decisions to be taken in various regional fisheries management organisations.

Twelve stocks, managed solely by the EU, are still awaiting scientific advice:

• anchovy in the Bay of Biscay and in Atlantic Iberian waters;
• cod in the Kattegat;
• Norway lobster in the Skagerrak-Kattegat, in the Bay of Biscay and in Atlantic Iberian waters;
• pollack in the Bay of Biscay, in the Cantabrian Sea and in Atlantic Iberian waters;

• red seabream in Atlantic Iberian waters;
• and undulate ray in the Bay of Biscay and in Atlantic Iberian waters.

Figures for the TACs for which scientific advice is not yet available or for which consultations with non-EU countries are ongoing are currently marked in the proposal as ‘pm’ or pro memoria. That is the case for most TACs in the proposal. Those figures will be included in the proposal when the advice becomes available or the consultations are concluded, through so-called ‘non-papers‘, and will be published by the Commission.

See tables below for details of today’s proposal for stocks solely managed by the EU.

Next steps

The Council will discuss the Commission’s proposal on 9 and 10 December and establish fishing opportunities for 2025, and in some cases for 2026. The regulation should apply as of 1 January 2025.

Background

Fishing opportunities, or total allowable catches (TACs), are set for most of Europe’s commercial fish stocks in line with the common fisheries policy (CFP) objectives to ensure that there is a balance between the sustainability of stocks and social and economic considerations.

The objective is to keep stock’s status healthy or to help them regenerate, while ensuring that EU fishers have healthy fish stocks to rely on for their economic activities. Under the CFP, EU Member States are legally bound to manage fish stocks at sustainable levels.

Sustainable fishing has made substantial progress in the EU. In 2024, 81% of the TACs were set at MSY level, allowing for a healthy future of the stocks and for fishers to rely on them, compared to only 14% of TACs in 2009.

In cases of zero or very low catch advice and mixed fisheries, the Commission’s approach is to set by-catch TACs. That allows the main fishing activities on other healthy stocks to continue and to avoid the severe socio-economic implications of failing to do so. At the same time, that also ensures that fishing mortality for zero or very low catch advice stocks is decreased and/or that their biomass remains stable.

The Commission proposal is based on scientific advice from the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). For stocks with a full scientific assessment, the Commission is proposing fishing levels in line with MSY advice. For stocks for which less data is available, the Commission proposal is based on precautionary advice.

Stakeholders were consulted based on the Commission’s annual Communication Sustainable fishing in the EU: state of play and orientations for 2025.

Taking into account the application of the landing obligation, the Commission is proposing TACs on the basis of the ICES catch advice. The proposed EU quotas take account of discards based on established exemptions; these quantities will not be landed and counted against the quotas and are therefore deducted from the EU quotas.

For More Information

Questions and Answers

Proposal fishing opportunities for 2025 in the Atlantic, Kattegat and Skagerrak

TACs and quotas

Landing obligation

Multiannual management plans

Table 1: Proposal for TACs for 2025

Table 2: Proposal for deep-sea TACs for 2025

Table 3: Proposal for stocks managed by the EU and shared with the UK

Quote(s)