The Role of Media in Shaping Perceptions of Migration

This article was exclusively written for The European Sting by Ms. Alexandra Lourenço, a fourth-year medical student at the University of Beira Interior, in Portugal. She is affiliated with the International Federation of Medical Students Associations (IFMSA), cordial partner of The Sting. The opinions expressed in this piece belong strictly to the writer and do not necessarily reflect IFMSA’s view on the topic, nor The European Sting’s one.

Migration is a pivotal issue in contemporary politics. Equity, diversity, and inclusion are essential foundations for impactful dialogue on migration, and the media’s narrative plays a crucial role in shaping public perception, either fostering empathy and understanding or perpetuating fear and division.

Historically, migrants have often been depicted as either criminals or economic burdens, contributing to a climate of hostility and fear that harm public opinion and policy-making. When the media predominantly presents migrants in a negative and misleading light, it reinforces stereotypes and prejudices, leading to discriminatory attitudes and actions.

For instance, sensationalist reporting and images of large numbers of migrants crossing borders have been leading to calls for stricter immigration control and changes in asylum policies in several European countries. Politicians often respond to public anxiety fueled by media narratives by advocating for tougher border policies and restrictions on refugee resettlement.

One of the critical factors exacerbating these negative perceptions is the lack of knowledge and understanding about migrants and their experiences. Many people rely on media as their primary source of information on migration, making it crucial for media to provide accurate and balanced coverage. However, sensationalist reporting often prioritizes dramatic or negative stories, overshadowing the complex realities of migration. This skewed narrative can make migrants appear as threats, fostering a perception that they are dangerous or malevolent.

The negative implications for migrants arising from biased media portrayals are profound. Migrants often face increased discrimination, social exclusion, and even violence due to negative stereotypes. These perceptions can lead to restrictive policies, making it harder for migrants to find employment, access services, and integrate into society. The psychological toll on migrants, who may feel unwelcome and stigmatized, is another significant consequence.

Addressing this issue requires a commitment to equity in media representation, which means providing opportunities for migrants to share their stories and perspectives. Although underrepresentation remains a challenge, efforts to include migrant voices can lead to more nuanced and accurate reporting. Highlighting positive stories of migrant success and integration can help shift public perception from fear to appreciation. Embracing diversity and inclusion in media coverage is key. Media outlets should strive to cover a wide range of migration experiences, from the challenges faced by migrants to their achievements and contributions.

Individuals should also strive to counteract these issues by critically evaluating the media they consume and seeking out diverse perspectives. Recognizing and challenging stereotypes when they arise is essential. Engaging with migrants’ stories directly, either through personal interactions or trustworthy media, can provide a more accurate and empathetic understanding of their experiences.

In conclusion, the media significantly influences how migration is perceived and discussed. By embracing equity, diversity, and inclusion, media can foster more impactful and positive dialogue on migration. Accurate, balanced, and inclusive media narratives are essential for combating fear and prejudice, promoting understanding, and building a more equitable society.

About the author

Alexandra Lourenço is a fourth-year medical student at the University of Beira Interior, in Portugal. Driven by a strong desire to make healthcare more efficient and accessible, she is dedicated to learn about the medical problems faced by various individuals and minorities. In her free time, she enjoys learning new languages.