LGBTQ+: The social evolution of a minority

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This article was exclusively written for The European Sting by Mr. Anderson de Castro Remedio, a second-year medical student at the University Center of the Americas (FAM). He is affiliated to the International Federation of Medical Students Associations (IFMSA), cordial partner of The Sting. The opinions expressed in this piece belong strictly to the writer and do not necessarily reflect IFMSA’s view on the topic, nor The European Sting’s one.


In recent years, transsexuals and transvestites are gaining more space and rights in the Transsexual Process, through Ordinance No. 2803, dated November 19, 2013, which ensures that the guidelines of the SUS as: equity, universality and integrality be put into practice in this community.

With the designation “transgender person” (or, simply, trans person) is meant the one who has a gender identity different from that imposed by binary patterns. Transsexual people subvert the belief in birth sex as a determinant of gender identity, so the human being who does not follow the binary and dichotomous (male-female) logic may suffer prejudice and discrimination, since Brazilian society is patriarchal and hereditary.

With this, transphobia is a major limbo between the LGBTQ + community and the health service, thus compromising quality assistance that contemplates the purpose of integrality.

LGBTQ +, when seeking health services, often omit their sexual orientation, or even more commonly, have their sexuality presumed by professionals to be heterosexual, which may discourage the patient from adhering to medical guidelines. It is concluded, therefore, that measures are needed that can make the health services environment more welcoming and receptive to this community, which does not align with the patriarchal norm of the heterosexual binary matrix for genders.

The methodology consists of the analysis of bibliography through systematic search understood by the terms: hormone therapy, transsexuality, transsexualism, transgenitalization surgery, transgenital surgery and sexual conversion surgery, through the search engine available on the website of the medical entity CFM.

It was find 20 records of documents with the term transsexualism, seven records with the term hormone therapy, eight transsexual records, 14 transgenital surgery registries, four records of sexual conversion surgery and 17 transgenital surgery registries, totaling 70 documents. This number was reduced to 31 records after discarding the duplicate documents and then to 14, when removed materials that did not meet the inclusion criteria, that is, the subject matter did not fall under the regulation of prescription of hormone therapy or transgender surgery in transsexual people, from July to August 2017.

From the first time that the CFM stands until the last time in 2013, a hiatus of 38 years, there have been many legalization changes on hormone therapy and transgenitalization, and this change was due to public influence and high morbidity, since this population had to resort to alternative means to be able to live well with themselves, putting at risk not only their lives but all those who lived around them.

Therefore, CFM created a committee of medical specialists to study the subject and the progress of medical knowledge was adopted as a criterion for reforming a council tradition, and thus, be able to meet not only the patients’ demands, but also the professionals who could understand this need and reduce the distance between the service and the servisse, and increase empathy in the process of gender change, reducing prejudice to the patient who just wants to be happy the way he looks.

References

dos Santos, Manoel Antônio, et al. “Transexualidade, ordem médica e política de saúde: controle normativo do processo transexualizador no Brasil.” Estudos Interdisciplinares em Psicologia 10.1 (2019): 03-19

DOS SANTOS, Manoel Antônio et al. Transexualidade, ordem médica e política de saúde: controle normativo do processo transexualizador no Brasil. Estudos Interdisciplinares em Psicologia, v. 10, n. 1, p. 03-19, 2019.

dos Santos, M. A., de Souza, R. S., da Silva Lara, L. A., de Oliveira, W. A., Alexandre, V., & de Oliveira-Cardoso, É. A. (2019). Transexualidade, ordem médica e política de saúde: controle normativo do processo transexualizador no Brasil. Estudos Interdisciplinares em Psicologia10(1), 03-19.

Brasil, Ministério da Saúde (2008a). Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais – LGBT. Brasília, DF: Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Recuperado em 28 de maio de 2019, de http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/politica_nacional_saude_lesbicas_gays.pdf

Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (2008b). Mais saúde: direito de todos: 2008-2011. Brasília, DF: Ministério da Saúde. Recuperado em 28 de maio de 2019, de http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/mais_saude_direito_todos_3ed.pdf.

Cardoso, M. R., & Ferro, L. F. (2012). Saúde e população LGBT: demandas e especificidades em questão. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, 32(3), 552-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1414-98932012000300003.

Cerqueira-Santos, E., Calvetti, P. U., Rocha, K. B., Moura, A., Barbosa, L. H., & Hermel, J. (2010). Percepção de usuários gays, lésbicas, bissexuais e transgêneros, transexuais e travestis do Sistema Único de Saúde. Revista Interamericana de Psicologia, 44(2), 235-245. Recuperado em 24 de maio de 2019, de http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/284/28420641004.pdf.

Ferraz, D., & Kraiczyk, J. (2010). Gênero e políticas públicas de saúde: construindo respostas para o enfrentamento das desigualdades no âmbito do SUS. Revista de Psicologia da UNESP, 9(1), 70-82. Recuperado em 24 de maio de 2019, de http://seer.assis.unesp.br/index.php/psicologia/article/view/428.

Gomes, A. P., & Rego, S. (2011). Transformação da educação médica: é possível formar um novo médico a partir de mudanças no método de ensino-aprendizagem? Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 35(4), 557-566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022011000400016.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-49802016.00200011

Lima, M. C. P., & Cerqueira, A. T. A. R. (2008). Crenças sobre sexualidade entre estudantes de Medicina: uma comparação entre gêneros. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 32(1), 49-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022008000100007.

Lionço, T. (2009). Atenção integral à saúde e diversidade no processo transexualizador no SUS: avanços, impasses e desafios. Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 19(1), 43-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-73312009000100004.

Melo, A. P. L. (2010). “Mulher mulher” e outras mulheres”: gênero e homossexualidade(s) no Programa de Saúde da Família. Dissertação (Mestrado). Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.

Moscheta, M. S., & Santos, M. A. (2010). Inclusão e o desafio de criar formas de investigação colaborativa: um relato de experiência. Saúde e Transformação Social, 1(1), 154-159. Recuperado em 24 de maio de 2019, de http://incubadora.periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/saudeetransformacao/article/view/415/447.

Popadiuk, G. S., Oliveira, D. C., & Signorelli, M. C. (2017). A Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transgêneros (LGBT) e o acesso ao Processo Transexualizador no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS): avanços e desafios. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 22(5), 1509-1520. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017225.32782016

Portaria nº 2803, de 19 de novembro de 2013. (2013). Redefine e amplia o Processo Transexualizador no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Diário Oficial da União; 20 novembro 2013.

Portaria nº 457, de 19 de agosto de 2008. (2008). Aprova a Regulamentação do Processo Transexualizador no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Diário Oficial da União; 20 agosto 2008.

Rocon, P. C., Sodré, F., & Rodrigues, A. (2016). Regulamentação da vida no processo transexualizador brasileiro: uma análise sobre a política pública. Revista Katálysis, 19(2), 260-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-49802016.00200011.

Silva, M. C. B. A. (2014). Sentidos da diversidade sexual entre estudantes de Medicina. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Humanas), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia.

About the author

Anderson de Castro Remedio, a second-year medical student at the University Center of the Americas (FAM). Local coordinator of the IFMSA BRAZIL FAM committee, occupying the role of LOME (Local Coordinator of Medical Education) and auxiliary of the NUPEC (Nucleus of Scientific Research) of the Local Committee, during the management 2018-2019. Assistant of Sponsorship and Permanence of the Academic Center Dr. Delorme Baptista Pereira, management 2019. Member of the Founding Committee of the Academic Congress of the University Center of the Americas-FAM (COAM-FAM). Volunteer at the Pediatric Hospital Sabará.


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